Modules

Prerequisites

Contents

Part 1: Introduction to Instrumental Analysis • Performance characteristics of different methods • Errors in Analytical Chemistry Separation Techniques • Fundamentals of Chromatography • Gas Chromatography (GC) • High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) • Thin-Layer Chromatography (DC) • Size-Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) Mass-Spectrometry • General • Ionisation Methods • Mass-Analyzers and Detectors • Interpretation of Mass-Spectra Spectroscopic Methods • Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation • Introduction to Spectroscopy • Infrared (MIR) – Absorption-Spectroscopy • Ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) – Absorption-Spectroscopy • Fluorescence; Phosphorescence and Chemoluminescence • Atomic Absorption (AAS) / Atomic Emission (AES) Part 2: Thermodynamics • The properties of gases, ideal gas equation, van der Waals equation • 1st law of thermodynamics, internal energy, work and heat, enthalpy, heat capacity, Carnot cycle, Joule Thomson effect, liquefaction of gases • thermochemistry, Hess’s law, temperature dependence of reaction enthalpy (Kirchhoff’s law), calorimetry • 2nd law, entropy, heat engines, Gibbs energy, chemical potential Physical transformations of pure substances • Phase diagrams, phase boundaries, Clausius-Clapeyron equation Properties of simple mixtures • Chemical potential of liquids, Raoult’s law, Henry’s law, Colligative properties, Phase diagram of mixtures Chemical equilibrium • Gibbs energy minimum, relation of Gibbs energy and the equilibrium constant Chemical kinetics • Rates of reactions, integrated rate laws, first-order reactions, half-lives, radiocarbon dating, temperature dependence of reaction rates (Arrhenius equation), relation of equilibrium constant and the rates of reaction

Learning outcomes

Part 1: Introduction to modern instrumental analytical techniques The student gets an overview of the most important instrumental analytical methods and their fields of application. After completing the module, the student is able • to understand the physical relationships that provide the theoretical foundations of instrumental analysis. • to evaluate instrumental analytical methods with respect to their performance and their scope of application. • to interpret/evaluate spectroscopic and chromatographic data. • to derive structures of simple organic compounds from spectroscopic data. Part 2: Introduction to Physical Chemistry The student gets an overview of the most important concepts of classical physical chemistry. The student achieves: • the ability, to connect different subdisciplines of physical chemistry, due to their understanding of important common concepts. • an overview which could be adapted to other fields. • the ability, to solve simple problems out of the respective topics. • interdisciplinary knowledge, due to inclusion of practical examples from different technological areas.

Assessment

Written exam at the end of the semester (120 min; graded)

Remarks

The lectures are offered online (as video lectures).